Ok... My tire (blue) came off (lower) and got chewed up a tad. I've been reading numerous posts and am going to try a recap of what I've learned.
Problem... running the bandsaw (too fast I found out later) it eventually made a bit of noise, not screeching, not clunking, and stopped. I quickly turned down the speed and turned it off. The blade stopped, I don't know what else stopped, didn't spend time looking around.
I notice some debris on the cover, the opening over the lower wheel.
I take the cover off. Lower tire is off and has a small tear. Blade is off, appears to be ok, no kinks, pointy bits are still pointy. Vacuum out the dust. The debris on the cover didn't vacuum up. Fingering it, it's plastic, melted bit from the cover.
I'm guessing both tires should be replaced at the same time.
What I've learned...
Generally urethane tires (orange from SS) seem to be preferred.
The upper wheel is tilted. That is, it is not on the same plane as the plane of the body of the BS. The upper part is "back", towards the body, away from the cover. By how much? And if not the correct amount, one simply twists the arm holding the wheel. Seriously? Just torque the arm by pulling on the wheel, holding it top and bottom?
A straight edge across the upper wheel extending over the lower wheel should be about 1/8 inch away from the lower wheel. Why, because the upper wheel is tilted, canted? Or because the plane of the lower wheel is closer to the body than the plane of the upper wheel? Or both?
There are three bearings the blade runs on. At idle, the upper left bearing (mine has a groove), near the tension adjuster, the blade should touch the bearing, in the groove. On the right side, the upper bearing should just NOT touch the blade. It will touch when the blade is under load, i.e. cutting. The lower blade barely touches the blade, at idle. (Mine are a bit off

)
The back of the blade should run close to the rim of the wheel.
Tension should be relieved when not in use, to prevent creating a depression in the tires and to prevent the blade from gaining an oval, instead of round, shape.
The guides, at idle, should be close to, but not touch, the blade, and should be over the flat of the blade, not the teeth (lest they get chewed to bits, I assume).
When resawing, one uses a tension a bit higher than normal for the blade. And ... what is it "deeper", (it's not "thicker", nor "wider") is better for resawing. I.e. 1/2 inch is better than 1/4.
Speed should be between Slow and "D".
So... how wrong am I?

Give a man a fish and you enslave him, teach a man to fish and you set him free.
Shopsmith Mark V, 510, Jointer, Planer and Bandsaw (SN 127932, Dec 1986, upgraded to aluminum table)