The arbors, tailstocks and other small bits that sat with the unit were coated in rust, but i put them all through some electrolysis rust removal, and they cleaned up well.
I have been able to identify most of the parts, but I have questions about 4. From left to right in the pictures below, what I can add:
The chuck doesn't appear to be a Shopsmith part (?) and it won't slide on to any spindle on the unit. The arbor piece it was attached to has a different taper on the other end, that fits into the tailstock. The part i find strange about it is that it is on a bearing - the front and back tapers are independent, and i don't see how that would be useful anywhere.
The middle piece I don't really have anything to add - regular right hand thread.
The last piece has a left hand thread

http://i.imgur.com/EM0g7cs.jpg?1

http://i.imgur.com/xqMPKe3.jpg?1
And finally, what I believe is the sanding wheel, but I would like confirmation of - I don't appear to have any kind of arbor that will fit that hole in the center, so I need to hunt one down:

http://i.imgur.com/PLeiCtE.jpg

http://i.imgur.com/Rksx0vb.jpg
and, should anyone be interested, the Shopsmith itself. I am aware that the bandsaw is in backwards, it is the only way I can currently store it in my garage.
http://i.imgur.com/SELgGH5.jpg
Thanks to all for looking, and extra thanks to those that provide any insight!
Edited 5.7.16 to include pictures in the post